الجمعة، 17 ديسمبر 2010

Alexander Grothendieck master of abstraction


date of birth :28 March 1928

Alexander grothendieck was French mathematician . He is considered a master of abstraction and presentation.He is known for his great effort which make big development in algebraic geometry.He make great result in homological algebra.He developed the theory of sheafs and invented the theory of schemes.He make brilliant work in several areas of mathematics including number theory, geometry, topology and topological analysis.

Alexander Grothendieck was born in Berlin Alexander Grothendieck's father was Ukrainian and a mother from Germany.In 1939 Grothendieck came to France and lived in camps with his mother.He attended the Collège Cévenol .After the war Grothendieck studied mathematics in France at the University of Montpellier.He had decided to become a math teacher because he had been told that mathematical research had been completed early in the 20th century and there were no more open problems.in 1950 he was a leading expert in the theory of topological vector spaces.he set this subject aside in order to work in algebraic geometry and homological algebra.

Jean-Pierre Serre introduced Homological methods and sheaf theory in algebraic geometry.Grothendieck took them to a higher level of abstraction and turned them into a key organising principle of his theory.In 1956, he applied the same thinking to the Riemann–Roch theorem, which had already recently been generalized to any dimension by Hirzebruch. The Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch theorem was announced by Grothendieck at the initial Mathematische Arbeitstagung in Bonn, in 1957. It appeared in print in a paper written by Armand Borel with Serre. This result was his first major achievement in algebraic geometry. He went on to plan and execute a major foundational programme for rebuilding the foundations of algebraic geometry, which were then in a state of flux and under discussion in Claude Chevalley's seminar; he outlined his programme in his talk at the 1958 International Congress of Mathematicians.His influence spilled over into many other branches of mathematics, for example the contemporary theory of D-modules. (It also provoked adverse reactions, with many mathematicians seeking out more concrete areas and problems


Grothendieck's radical political philosophy led him to retire from public life while still in his prime, but he is still considered one of the most brilliant mathematicians ever.He retired in 1988 and within a few years became reclusive.

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